It is believed this was the first settlement in Buenos Aires. Moreover, they say the estate sheltered the first adobe houses built by Pedro de Mendoza's with the expeditionary party of 1536.
It is now a public park with hillocks, fountains and sculptures; where, during weekends, crowds of people gather in its famous craftsmanship market.
Over Brasil St, an amphitheatre resembling those of ancient Greece can be found. It was built in 1914 and the gorges and uneven terrain of the park were used to give the design a sense of the natural. Open-air shows are organized there whenever the weather permits.
Close to it stands of Neptune and the Naiads fountain, brought from France and dating back to 1914. The eye-catching sculptures represent Neptune, god of the oceans in Roman mythology, along with the Naiads which were the mythological creatures in charge of the waters of rivers and streams.
It is best to visit the Lezama Park, with its diverse and aged vegetation, during working days and then go to Pasaje Giuffra, sited between Independencia Av and Estados Unidos St. because both places are filled with very warm spirited old bars with wooden rods and furniture; and pasta, pizza and grill specialised restaurants for everybody's pleasure.
3. - The Museo Histrico Nacional National History Museum
This Italian style building was constructed in 1846 and is located at Defensa 1600, facing leafy Lezama Park. It was founded in 1889 and offers a view of Argentinean history and traditions through prints, watercolours, weapons, maps and objects of daily life, since the pre-Hispanic indigenous cultures, before the 15th century, up to the 20th century. The edifice is a spectacular mansion that an American entrepreneur, Charles Ridgley Horne, had built before it was acquired by Jose Gregorio Lezama, who was in charge of the park's embellishment along with French landscaper Carlos Thays. Visits are Tuesdays through Sundays from 1:00 PM to 6:00 PM. Guided tours can be scheduled Saturdays and Sundays at 3:30 PM. Tel. 4307-1182.
4. - The Monumento a Pedro de Mendoza Monument
Located at the entrance of the Lezama Park, on the intersection of Defensa and Brasil Stts, it holds the distinctive monument honouring Don Pedro de Mendoza. The first Buenos Aires founder's bronze statue depicts him touching the ground with the tip of his sword, symbolizing the act of taking possession of the land. Behind the statue rises a marble coated masonry, in which the figure of a native is to be seen.
5. - The Monumento a la Cordialidad Internacional International Friendship Monument
It is a gift from Uruguay to Buenos Aires to commemorate the fourth anniversary of the city's foundation. The work is a 15 m high and 4 m wide bronze column. It is placed in the Lezama Park, close to Martin Garcia Av.
6. - The Mural Escenogrfico Scenic Mural Painting
It is a reformed 94-house conventillo of 1880. Conventillo was the given name to the first tiny appartments in the city, where immigrants lived. It is placed in Av. Almirante Brown 36.
7. - The Museo Vivo del Tango Live Tango Music Museum
It offers the sounds and images of the Porteo music. Videos, musical instruments, posters, photographs and a whole paraphernalia of objects belonging to the most outstanding Argentinean tango promoters are exhibited in it. The visit closes with a theatre show. It is located in Piedras 720. It opens its doors everyday from 2:00 PM to 8:00 PM, and offers shows starting at 9:00 PM.
8. - The Iglesia de San Telmo Church
It was constructed to honour San Telmo, protector of sailors and fishermen, who gave his name to the barrio. Valuable relics from the English invasion, like a clock offered by some Englishmen seeking asylum, amongst other historic objects, are found inside. Its main nave, in a Latin cross shape, stands out preserved untouched, as originally constructed, along with the 18th century striking image of the Virgen Dolorosa resting in the lateral left nave. It is one of the oldest Catholic temples in the city, built by the Jesuits in 1734. It is located in 340 Humberto I St, between Defensa and Balcarce. It has been appointed a National Historic Monument.Tel. 4361-1168.
9.- Iglesia Ortodoxa Rusa de la Santsima Trinidad Orthodox Russian Church
Constructed in a 17th century Muscovite style, it was opened in 1904. Its five onion like turquoise domes, decorated with mosaics and paintings, are conspicuous. Its interior points show the presence of Russian Byzantine style as well, where light plays a preponderant role together with colors. Beautiful icons and other religious objects can be observed on the main altar, and the painting of the dome is worth of admiration.
Tsar Nicolas II and Tsarina Alexandra of Russia contributed to this church with more than 50 boxes filled with artistic and religious objects of great value. Orthodox liturgical music, interpreted by excellent choirs, can be heard during the celebration of its services. It is located in 315 Brasil Street. It can be visited Saturdays from 6:00 PM to 8:30 PM and Sundays from 10:00 AM to 12:30 PM. Tel. 4316-4274.
10. - The Plaza Coronel Manuel Dorrego Square
It is a National Historic Site, due to the multitude of patriots that gathered at this precise place on July the 9th of 1816 to confirm Argentinean's Independence, which had been officially declared at Tucumn. Currently, this historic square surrounded by bars and pubs that put their small tables on the sidewalk, also clusters a series of antique dealers where the most diverse objects can be bought. Charming street lamps from the colonial period light the neighbourhood streets at night.
Several of the surrounding colonial conventillos, are currently occupied by artists and artisans workshops that give the neighbourhood an intellectual flair. On Saturday afternoons it is usual to find old local neighbours entangled in never-ending card games, comfortably installed in tables and stools they carry themselves. It has been acknowledged a National Historic Monument. It is sited in Humberto I to the 400 and Defensa to the 1000.